You need Adobe Reader 7.0 or later in order to read PDF files on this site.
If Adobe Reader is not installed on your computer, click the button below and go to the download site.

Letters

Development of Underground Optical Closure with Improved Assembly and Water-tightness

Kotaro Miyagishi^†, Masayuki Harano, Atsushi Hamaoka,
Tetsuhiro Numata, and Kazutoshi Takamizawa

Abstract

A new underground optical closure provides easier assembly and better water-tightness for cable connections. It will reduce both the operating and construction costs for fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) service.

†	NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories Tsukuba-shi, 305-0805 Japan

1. Introduction

The number of fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) subscribers in Japan is increasing rapidly and reached 15.8 million in June 2009, corresponding to a market share of 51.4% [1]. The rising demand for FTTH service will require the installation of more and more underground optical fiber cables. To enable optical fibers to be utilized and operated effectively, we have developed a new underground optical closure to make assembly easier and to achieve water-tightness for cable connections.

2. Concept

FTTH service is generally supplied from an NTT building to a customer’s home via underground and aerial access lines (Fig. 1). In an underground section, new optical fibers are connected in response to an increase in the number of FTTH customers. Therefore, closures must be opened and shut frequently, which makes it difficult to maintain water-tightness. Furthermore, skill is needed to achieve the required degree of water-tightness when assembling existing underground optical closures. This has caused a considerable variation in the quality of assembly work, and the rate of closures penetrated by water has increased. To tackle these issues, we have developed the Triple N (TN) closure, where the three Ns stand for no gas, no water, and no sealing tape. The concepts behind the TN closure are as follows:

Constant quality can be maintained with an easy assembly procedure.
Water-tightness can be maintained even if the closure is opened and shut repeatedly.

Fig. 1. FTTH network configuration.

3. Development

The conventional closure and the TN closure are shown in Fig. 2. The TN closure incorporates three improvements designed to achieve easy assembly and good water-tightness (Fig. 3).

A flat sleeve design makes opening and shutting the closure easy.
Horizontal placement of the cable ports makes it possible to work on cable ports independently and from above.
A port adapter eliminates the need for skill during work on cable ports.

Fig. 2. Conventional and new closures.

Fig. 3. Structure of new closure.

3.1 Flat sleeve design

Since the conventional closure has portions where the contact surface of the sleeve is not flat, the pressure is not constant when the closure is shut, so sealing tape is used to achieve water-tightness. To achieve a constant pressure on the contact surface when the closure is shut, we changed the sleeve design from flat and curved to solely flat. The flat sleeve design makes sealing tape unnecessary and makes the closure easier to open and shut. As a result, better water-tightness is achieved. Moreover, the use of larger fasteners makes the task of opening and shutting the closure easier. The TN closure has a structure composed of three sleeves. The use of common sleeves helps to reduce the number of different components.

3.2 Horizontal placement of cable ports

With the conventional rubber entry gasket, a worker must take care during work involving the cable ports to avoid affecting existing cables when installing a new cable. The TN closure has horizontal cable ports, which make it possible for a worker to work on the cable ports independently and from above. As a result, it is easy to install a new cable.

3.3 Port adapter

In the conventional closure, water-tightness at a cable port is achieved by using a rubber entry gasket and rubber tape. However, the tape must be cut to suit the outside diameter of the cable and wrapped by hand. This has led to a large difference in the quality of assembly work, and skill is required to maintain good water-tightness.

In the new closure, a port adapter replaces the rubber wrapping tape to achieve water-tightness at a cable port. As shown in Fig. 4, it consists of a port case, a rubber ring, a port spacer, and a port cap. The port cap, which is attached with screws, compresses the rubber ring, which fills the space around the cable. The port spacer adjusts the pressure exerted on the rubber ring. If an appropriate rubber ring and port spacer are selected to suit the cable diameter, then the port adapter is applicable to cables with an outside diameter of 8–33 mm. The rubber ring and port spacer sizes can be estimated by wrapping a scale around the cable. Since a worker assembles the rubber ring, port spacer, and port cap in the port case using screws rather than by manually cutting and wrapping a rubber tape, water-tightness can be achieved regardless of the worker’s skill.

Fig. 4. Port adapter mechanism.

3.4 Effect

As a result of these improvements, the TN closure provides two major advantages.

Water-tightness is achieved solely by using screws, which makes closure assembly easy.
Water penetration is prevented even if a closure is opened and shut repeatedly because constant quality is maintained through the use of an easy assembly procedure.

By changing the entry gasket structure and sleeve design, we eliminated the need for the sealing tape previously used for achieving water-tightness. This reduces the time needed for cleaning the sleeves and allows easy assembly. As a result of these improvements, the assembly time with the TN closure is 20% shorter than that with the conventional closure (Fig. 5).

Fig. 5. Reduction in assembly times.

4. Conclusion

We have developed a new underground optical closure that is easier to assemble and has improved water-tightness, which will allow us to reduce both construction and maintenance costs for FTTH service in the future. It was put to practical use by NTT EAST and NTT WEST in June 2009.

Reference

[1]	http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_content/000039345.pdf (in Japanese).

	Kotaro Miyagishi Member, Second Promotion Project, NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories. He received the M.E. degree in applied physics from the University of Tokyo in 2008. He joined NTT EAST in 2008 and moved to NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories in April 2009. Since then, he has been engaged in the development of optical closure technology.
	Masayuki Harano Member, Second Promotion Project, NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories. He received the B.E. degree in precision engineering from Meiji University, Tokyo, in 1999. He joined NTT EAST in 1999 and moved to NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories in July 2008. Since then, he has been engaged in the development of optical closure technology.
	Atsushi Hamaoka Senior Research Engineer, Second Promotion Project, NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories. He received the B.E. degree in mechanical engineering from Kanagawa University in 1992. He joined NTT in 1992 and moved to NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories in August 2008. Since then, he has been engaged in the development of optical closure technology.
	Tetsuhiro Numata Senior Research Engineer, Second Promotion Project, NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories. He received the M.E. degree in precision engineering from Tohoku University, Miyagi, in 1990. He joined NTT in 1990 and is currently engaged in the development of the optical access network.
	Kazutoshi Takamizawa Senior Research Engineer, Supervisor, Second Promotion Project, NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories. He received the M.E. degree in electronic engineering from Shinshu University, Nagano, in 1987. He joined NTT in 1987 and is currently engaged in the development of the optical access network.

↑ TOP